$${ x }^{ 4 } -2 { x }^{ 2 } +1, { x }^{ 4 } -1$$
$\left(x^{2}+1\right)\left(x^{2}-1\right)^{2}$
$$\left(x^{2}-1\right)^{2}=\left(x-1\right)^{2}\left(x+1\right)^{2}$$ $$x^{4}-1=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^{2}+1\right)$$
$$\left(x^{2}+1\right)\left(x^{2}-1\right)^{2}$$
$$x^{6}-x^{4}-x^{2}+1$$
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$\left(x^{2}-1\right)^{2},x^{4}-1$
