To add or subtract expressions, expand them to make their denominators the same. Least common multiple of $9a^{2}+3a+1$ and $9a^{2}-3a+1$ is $\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)$. Multiply $\frac{3a+1}{9a^{2}+3a+1}$ times $\frac{9a^{2}-3a+1}{9a^{2}-3a+1}$. Multiply $\frac{3a-1}{9a^{2}-3a+1}$ times $\frac{9a^{2}+3a+1}{9a^{2}+3a+1}$.
Since $\frac{\left(3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ and $\frac{\left(3a-1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ have the same denominator, add them by adding their numerators.
Since $\frac{54a^{3}}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ and $\frac{2}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ have the same denominator, subtract them by subtracting their numerators.
To add or subtract expressions, expand them to make their denominators the same. Least common multiple of $9a^{2}+3a+1$ and $9a^{2}-3a+1$ is $\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)$. Multiply $\frac{3a+1}{9a^{2}+3a+1}$ times $\frac{9a^{2}-3a+1}{9a^{2}-3a+1}$. Multiply $\frac{3a-1}{9a^{2}-3a+1}$ times $\frac{9a^{2}+3a+1}{9a^{2}+3a+1}$.
Since $\frac{\left(3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ and $\frac{\left(3a-1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ have the same denominator, add them by adding their numerators.
Since $\frac{54a^{3}}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ and $\frac{2}{\left(9a^{2}-3a+1\right)\left(9a^{2}+3a+1\right)}$ have the same denominator, subtract them by subtracting their numerators.