To factor the expression, solve the equation where it equals to $0$.
$$x^{4}+x^{2}-2=0$$
By Rational Root Theorem, all rational roots of a polynomial are in the form $\frac{p}{q}$, where $p$ divides the constant term $-2$ and $q$ divides the leading coefficient $1$. List all candidates $\frac{p}{q}$.
$$±2,±1$$
Find one such root by trying out all the integer values, starting from the smallest by absolute value. If no integer roots are found, try out fractions.
$$x=1$$
By Factor theorem, $x-k$ is a factor of the polynomial for each root $k$. Divide $x^{4}+x^{2}-2$ by $x-1$ to get $x^{3}+x^{2}+2x+2$. To factor the result, solve the equation where it equals to $0$.
$$x^{3}+x^{2}+2x+2=0$$
By Rational Root Theorem, all rational roots of a polynomial are in the form $\frac{p}{q}$, where $p$ divides the constant term $2$ and $q$ divides the leading coefficient $1$. List all candidates $\frac{p}{q}$.
$$±2,±1$$
Find one such root by trying out all the integer values, starting from the smallest by absolute value. If no integer roots are found, try out fractions.
$$x=-1$$
By Factor theorem, $x-k$ is a factor of the polynomial for each root $k$. Divide $x^{3}+x^{2}+2x+2$ by $x+1$ to get $x^{2}+2$. To factor the result, solve the equation where it equals to $0$.
$$x^{2}+2=0$$
All equations of the form $ax^{2}+bx+c=0$ can be solved using the quadratic formula: $\frac{-b±\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}}{2a}$. Substitute $1$ for $a$, $0$ for $b$, and $2$ for $c$ in the quadratic formula.
$$x=\frac{0±\sqrt{0^{2}-4\times 1\times 2}}{2}$$
Do the calculations.
$$x=\frac{0±\sqrt{-8}}{2}$$
Polynomial $x^{2}+2$ is not factored since it does not have any rational roots.
$$x^{2}+2$$
Rewrite the factored expression using the obtained roots.
